Controller sophistication refers to the number of buttons on the controller, whether it is wireless or not and whether the controller includes any “haptic” devices, transmitting tactile sensations – an example of the latter is a ‘shaking’ or ‘rumble’ function in the game controller. Controller sophistication is measured on an index from 4 to 20 and is largely driven by the number of buttons on a controller. Beyond this, a haptic device raises the index by 2 points, as does having a wireless connection between the controller and the console.